<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p>&#160;</o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22.1pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">1.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">年龄：<span lang="EN-US">18</span>～<span lang="EN-US">55</span>周岁。体重：男≥<span lang="EN-US">50</span>千克，女≥<span lang="EN-US">45</span>千克，身体健康。</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">国家提倡<span lang="EN-US">18</span>周岁至<span lang="EN-US">55</span>周岁的健康公民自愿献血。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">体重与血量比：一个体重<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="50" unitname="公斤"><span lang="EN-US">50</span>公斤</st1:chmetcnv>的人约含有血液<span lang="EN-US">4000ml</span>，等于正常成年人的血液总量约相当于体重的<span lang="EN-US">7</span>～<span lang="EN-US">8%</span>，或相当于每公斤体重<span lang="EN-US">70</span>～<span lang="EN-US">80ml</span>。从献血量与人体血量比：每人献<span lang="EN-US">200</span>或<span lang="EN-US">400</span>毫升，只占血总量的<span lang="EN-US">5%</span>、<span lang="EN-US">8%</span>或最多<span lang="EN-US">10%</span>。献血的血量数与体重、总血量比例很低，不会影响血液的循环。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22.1pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">2.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">规定每次献血一般为<span lang="EN-US">200</span>毫升至<span lang="EN-US">400</span>毫升，两次献血间隔时间不少于<span lang="EN-US">6</span>个月。献成分血<span lang="EN-US">1</span>个月后方可献全血。</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">国家标准中对献血者的献血量和献血间隔时间作出了明确的规定，即：①献血量：凡符合《献血者健康检查标准》的献血者，一次可献血<span lang="EN-US">200ml</span>或<span lang="EN-US">400ml</span>；②献血时间间隔：献全血间隔六个月以上；机采血小板每隔<span lang="EN-US">4</span>周采集<span lang="EN-US">1</span>次，如＜<span lang="EN-US">4</span>周，则采前<span lang="EN-US">PLT</span>≥<span lang="EN-US">150</span>×<span lang="EN-US">10⁹</span>／<span lang="EN-US">L</span>；机采血小板后，应间隔<span lang="EN-US">4</span>周以上方可献全血，以后再献全血应按献全血的时间间隔。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22.1pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">3.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">血压：<span lang="EN-US">12-20/8-12Kpa(</span>千帕<span lang="EN-US">)</span>，脉压差：≥<span lang="EN-US">4Kpa</span>。或<span lang="EN-US">90-140/60-90mmHg,</span>脉压差：≥<span lang="EN-US">30mmHg</span>。</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">正常人的血压值为收缩压<span lang="EN-US">12</span>－<span lang="EN-US">20</span>千帕，舒张压<span lang="EN-US">8</span>－<span lang="EN-US">12</span>千帕，脉压差大于<span lang="EN-US">4</span>千帕。收缩压低于<span lang="EN-US">12</span>千帕，此时若献血会造成脑血管供血不足，容易发生晕厥；舒张压高于<span lang="EN-US">12</span>千帕，献血时冠状动脉会反射性出现痉挛，引起心脏一过性缺血，导致心绞痛；脉压差低于<span lang="EN-US">3</span>千帕，易造成晕厥及冠状动脉供血不足。为保证献血者的健康，血压不正常不能献血。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22.1pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">4.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">脉搏：<span lang="EN-US">60-100</span>次<span lang="EN-US">/</span>分，高度耐力的运动员≥<span lang="EN-US">50</span>次<span lang="EN-US">/</span>分。</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">静态时正常脉搏为<span lang="EN-US">60-100</span>次<span lang="EN-US">/</span>分，高度耐力的运动员≥<span lang="EN-US">50</span>次<span lang="EN-US">/</span>分。＞<span lang="EN-US">100</span>次<span lang="EN-US">/</span>分称心动过速，＜<span lang="EN-US">60</span>次<span lang="EN-US">/</span>分称心动过缓，心房颤动时脉搏无规律，会出现搏动，怀疑是否有心脏或心血管疾病。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22.1pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">5.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">体温正常。</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">健康人的正常人体温：肛温是<span lang="EN-US">36.5</span>～<span lang="EN-US">37<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue=".7" unitname="℃">.7<span lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">℃</span></span></st1:chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">，口温（舌下）36.3</span></span>～<span lang="EN-US">37<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue=".2" unitname="℃">.2<span lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">℃</span></span></st1:chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">，腋温36</span></span>～<span lang="EN-US">37</span>℃。早晨较低，下午较高，小孩较成年人高，老人稍低，女性月经期前一周较平常高<span lang="EN-US">0.2</span>～<span lang="EN-US">0<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue=".5" unitname="℃">.5<span lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">℃</span></span></st1:chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">。体温超出正常范围，称为发热，多数情况是机体防御疾病的反应<span lang="EN-US">。</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22.1pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">6.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">皮肤无黄染，无创面感染，无大面积皮肤病，浅表淋巴结无明显肿大。</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">黄染皮肤主要见于黄疸，常见病是胆道阻塞、肝细胞损害或溶血性疾病。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">创面感染主要是因创伤引发伤口感染，会并发炎症。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">大面积皮肤病主要是会通过血液传播给受血者<span lang="EN-US">.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">局限性淋巴结肿大主要大见于非特异性淋巴结炎、淋巴结结核、恶性肿瘤淋巴结转移。全身性淋巴结肿大见于急、慢性淋巴结炎、传染性单核细胞增多症、淋巴瘤、各种急、慢性白血病等。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22.1pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">7.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">五官无严重疾病，巩膜无黄染，甲状腺不肿大。</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">五官有严重疾病的属于疾病患者，有可能正在服药或存在感染的情况；巩膜黄染主要见于黄疸的情况。甲状腺分泌甲状腺激素，调节体内代谢，甲状腺激素过高和过低都会影响正常人，甲状腺肿大主要见于甲状腺功能亢进（俗称甲亢）、单纯性甲状腺肿、甲状腺癌、慢性淋巴性甲状腺炎、甲状旁腺腺瘤等疾病。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22.1pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">8.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">四肢无严重残疾，无严重功能性障碍及关节无红肿。</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">四肢有严重残疾和有严重功能性障碍的人生活有诸多不便，关节红肿主要见于关节炎。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22.1pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">9.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">胸部：心肺正常（心脏生理性杂音可视为正常）。</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">心肺的视、触、叩、听诊都正常，相关辅助如心电图、胸片等都正常。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22.1pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">10.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">腹部：腹平软、无肿块、无压痛、肝脾不肿大。</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 22pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">正常腹部是平软的，腹壁紧张度增高主要见于腹膜炎、急性胰腺炎、急性阑尾炎、胃肠穿孔等，腹壁紧张度减低主要见于慢性消耗性疾病或放大量腹水后，也可见于重症肌无力等，腹部肿块见于肿瘤、肝脾肿大、胃扩张等疾病，这些都是不能献血的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p>&#160;</o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 10pt; line-height: 200%; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p>&#160;</o:p></span></p>